Italian Americans Wikipedia. Italian Americans. Italoamericani. Total population. U. S. population11. Regions with significant populations. New York, New Jersey, Massachusetts, New England, Pennsylvania. California, Florida, Ohio, Illinois, with growing populations in Southwest and Southeast. Languages. Religion. Roman Catholic 1. Protestant, 2 Christian  unspecified 1. Related ethnic groups. Italian Canadians, Italian Argentines, Italian Uruguayans, Italian Brazilians, Italian Mexicans, Italian Australians, Italian South Africans, Italian Britons, Italian New Zealanders, Sicilian Americans and other Italians. Italian Americans Italian italoamericani or italo americaniitalo. Americans who have full or partial ancestry from Italy. Italian Americans are the fourth largest European ethnic group in the United States not including American ethnicity, an ethnonym used by many in the United States overall, Italian Americans rank seventh, behind German American, African American, Irish American, Mexican American, English American, and American. About 5. 5 million Italians immigrated to the United States from 1. Immigration began to increase during the 1. Italians immigrated 1. The 1. 87. 0s were followed by the greatest surge of immigration, which occurred in the period between 1. Italians to the United States, the great majority being from Southern Italy and Sicily, with most having agrarian backgrounds. This period of large scale immigration ended abruptly with the onset of the First World War in 1. Further immigration would be greatly limited by a number of laws passed by Congress in the 1. Approximately 8. 4 of the Italian immigrants came from the former Kingdom of the Two Sicilies. Dota 2 Full Version Games'>Dota 2 Full Version Games. This was the poorest and least developed part of Italy, still largely rural and agricultural, where much of the populace had been impoverished by centuries of foreign misrule, and an oppressive taxation system imposed after Italian unification in 1. After unification, the Italian government initially encouraged emigration to relieve economic pressures in the South. After the American Civil War, which resulted in over a half million killed or wounded, immigrant workers were recruited from Italy and elsewhere to fill the labor shortage caused by the war. Artificial intelligence is infiltrating our daily lives, with applications that curate your phone pics, manage your email, and translate text from any language into. In the United States, most Italians began their new lives as manual laborers in Eastern cities, mining camps and in agriculture. The descendants of the Italian immigrants gradually rose from a lower economic class in the first generation 1. By 1. 99. 0, more than 6. Imperious Races of Skyrim Skyrim Special Edition version available here. Imperious makes the races of Skyrim unique and diverse. It overhauls racial abilities. Subversion is a freeopen source version control system VCS. That is, Subversion manages files and directories, and the changes made to them, over time. The Italian community has often been characterized by strong ties to family, the Roman Catholic Church, fraternal organizations, and political parties. HistoryeditEarly period 1. Italian navigators and explorers played a key role in the exploration and settlement of the Americas by Europeans. Christopher Columbus, the explorer who first reached the Americas in 1. Italian. Another notable Italian explorer, Amerigo Vespucci, who explored the east coast of South America between 1. America. Englands claims in North America were based on the voyages of the Italian explorer John Cabot Giovanni Caboto and his son Sebastian Cabot Sebastiano Caboto in the early 1. In 1. 52. 4 the Italian explorer Giovanni da Verrazzano was the first European to map the Atlantic coast of todays United States, and to enter New York Bay. A number of Italian navigators and explorers in the employ of Spain and France were involved in exploring and mapping their territories, and in establishing settlements but this did not lead to the permanent presence of Italians in America. In 1. 53. 9, Marco da Nizza, explored the territory that later became the states of Arizona and New Mexico. EG11/thumbnail/1200x630/format/jpg/1877882.jpg' alt='Ancestry Library Edition Hack' title='Ancestry Library Edition Hack' />The first Italian to reside in America was Pietro Cesare Alberti,1. Venetian seaman who, in 1. New York City. A small wave of protestants, known as Waldensians, who were of French and northern Italian heritage specifically Piedmontese, occurred during the 1. The first Waldensians began arriving around 1. They spread out across what was then called New Netherland, and what would become New York, New Jersey and the Lower Delaware River regions. The total American Waldensian population that imigrated to New Netherland is currently unknown however, a 1. F9rqLrz-GI/T7aleGvxBcI/AAAAAAAAAK8/SiAz1d7XZpE/s1600/Ancestry+passenger+ship.jpg' alt='Ancestry Library Edition Hack' title='Ancestry Library Edition Hack' />Dutch record indicates that, in 1. Duchy of Savoy near Turin, Italy, had exiled 3. Jumpstart Animal Adventures'>Jumpstart Animal Adventures. Waldensians due to their protestant faith. Henri de Tonti Enrico de Tonti, together with the French explorer La. Salle, explored the Great Lakes region. De Tonti founded the first European settlement in Illinois in 1. Arkansas in 1. 68. With La. Salle, he co founded New Orleans, and was governor of the Louisiana Territory for the next 2. His brother Alphonse de Tonty Alfonso de Tonti, with French explorer Antoine Cadillac, was the co founder of Detroit in 1. Spain and France were Catholic countries and sent many missionaries to convert the native population. Included among these missionaries were numerous Italians. In 1. 51. 9 2. 5, Alessandro Geraldini was the first Catholic bishop in the Americas, at Santo Domingo. Father Franois Joseph Bressani Francesco Giuseppe Bressani labored among the Algonquin and Huron Indians in the early 1. Between 1. 68. 7 and 1. California were explored and mapped by an Italian Jesuit priest Eusebio Kino Chino. The Taliaferro family, originally from Venice, was one of the first families to settle in Virginia, while the Fonda family settled in present day upstate New York, establishing the town of Fonda. Francesco Maria de Reggio, an Italian nobleman who served under the French, came to Louisiana in 1. Captain General of Louisiana until 1. Another colonial, merchant Francis Ferrari of Genoa, was naturalized as a citizen of Rhode Island in 1. He died in 1. 75. Genoa, his ownership of three ships, cargo of wine and his wife Mary. Mary Ferrari went on to own one of the oldest coffee houses in America, the Merchant Coffee House of New York on Wall Street at Water St. Her Merchant Coffee House moved across Wall St in 1. Today, the descendants of the AlbertiBurtis, Taliaferro, Fonda, Reggio and other early families are found all across the United States. War of Independence to Civil War 1. This period saw a small stream of new arrivals from Italy. Some brought skills in agriculture and the making of glass, silk and wine, while others brought skills as musicians. In 1. 77. 38. 5 Filippo Mazzei, a physician and promoter of liberty, was a close friend and confidant of Thomas Jefferson. Anime Gintama Episode 100 Sub Indo. He published a pamphlet containing the phrase All men are by nature equally free and independent, which Jefferson incorporated essentially intact into the Declaration of Independence. Italian Americans served in the American Revolutionary War both as soldiers and officers. Three regiments, totaling some 1,5. American independence. Francesco Vigo aided the colonial forces of George Rogers Clark during the American Revolutionary War, by being one of the foremost financiers of the Revolution in the frontier Northwest. Later, he was a co founder of Vincennes University in Indiana. After American independence numerous political refugees arrived, most notably Giuseppe Avezzana, Alessandro Gavazzi, Silvio Pellico, Federico Confalonieri, and Eleuterio Felice Foresti. Giuseppe Garibaldi resided in the United States in 1. At the invitation of Jefferson, Carlo Bellini became the first Italian to hold a position at an American college, the College of William Mary, in the years 1. Italian. In 1. 80. Intel Vets Challenge Russia Hack Evidence Consortiumnews. In a memo to President Trump, a group of former U. S. intelligence officers, including NSA specialists, cite new forensic studies to challenge the claim of the key Jan. Russia hacked Democratic emails last year. Editors Note This VIPS Memo included two mistaken dates. Neither affected the Memos main conclusion i. July 5, 2. 01. 6 intrusion into DNC emails that was blamed on Russia could not have been a hack by Russia or anyone else. The portions of the Memo affected by the mistaken dates have been corrected. A short explanation of the corrections 1 June 1. VIPS memo erroneously stated was the day Crowdstrike said malware had been found on the DNC server and claimed there was evidence the malware was injected by Russians. On the following day the 1. Guccifer 2. 0 claimed responsibility for the hack and claimed to be a Wiki. Leaks source. 2 Although the VIPS Memo indicated, correctly, that on June 1. Guccifer 2. 0 posts a document that the forensics show was synthetically tainted with Russian fingerprints, other language in the Memo was mistaken in indicating that evidence of such tainting was also found in the Guccifer 2. July 5. MEMORANDUM FOR The President. FROM Veteran Intelligence Professionals for Sanity VIPSSUBJECT Was the Russian Hack an Inside Job Executive Summary. Forensic studies of Russian hacking into Democratic National Committee computers last year reveal that on July 5, 2. DNC computer. After examining metadata from the Guccifer 2. July 5, 2. 01. 6 intrusion into the DNC server, independent cyber investigators have concluded that an insider copied DNC data onto an external storage device. Then Director of National Intelligence James Clapper right talks with President Barack Obama in the Oval Office, with John Brennan and other national security aides present. Photo credit Office of Director of National IntelligenceKey among the findings of the independent forensic investigations is the conclusion that the DNC data was copied onto a storage device at a speed that far exceeds an Internet capability for a remote hack. Of equal importance, the forensics show that the copying was performed on the East coast of the U. S.  Thus far, mainstream media have ignored the findings of these independent studies see here and here. Independent analyst Skip Folden, who retired after 2. IBM Program Manager for Information Technology, US, who examined the recent forensic findings, is a co author of this Memorandum. He has drafted a more detailed technical report titled Cyber Forensic Investigation of Russian Hack and Missing Intelligence Community Disclaimers, and sent it to the offices of the Special Counsel and the Attorney General. VIPS member William Binney, a former Technical Director at the National Security Agency, and other senior NSA alumni in VIPS attest to the professionalism of the independent forensic findings. The recent forensic studies fill in a critical gap. Why the FBI neglected to perform any independent forensics on the original Guccifer 2. FBI, CIA, and NSA, who wrote the Intelligence Community Assessment dated January 6, 2. NOTE There has been so much conflation of charges about hacking that we wish to make very clear the primary focus of this Memorandum. We focus specifically on the July 5, 2. Guccifer 2. 0 hack of the DNC server. In earlier VIPS memoranda we addressed the lack of any evidence connecting the Guccifer 2. Wiki. Leaks, and we asked President Obama specifically to disclose any evidence that Wiki. Leaks received DNC data from the Russians see here and here. Addressing this point at his last press conference January 1. Intelligence Community Assessment of January 6 expressed high confidence that Russian intelligence relayed material it acquired from the DNC to Wiki. Leaks. Obamas admission came as no surprise to us. It has long been clear to us that the reason the U. S. government lacks conclusive evidence of a transfer of a Russian hack to Wiki. Leaks is because there was no such transfer. Based mostly on the cumulatively unique technical experience of our ex NSA colleagues, we have been saying for almost a year that the DNC data reached Wiki. Leaks via a copyleak by a DNC insider but almost certainly not the same person who copied DNC data on July 5, 2. From the information available, we conclude that the same inside DNC, copyleak process was used at two different times, by two different entities, for two distinctly different purposes 1 an inside leak to Wiki. Leaks before Julian Assange announced on June 1. DNC documents and planned to publish them which he did on July 2. DNC bias toward the Clinton candidacy and 2 a separate leak on July 5, 2. Wiki. Leaks might later publish by showing it came from a Russian hack. President This is our first VIPS Memorandum for you, but we have a history of letting U. S. Presidents know when we think our former intelligence colleagues have gotten something important wrong, and why. For example, our first such memorandum, a same day commentary for President George W. Bush on Colin Powells U. N. speech on February 5, 2. U. S. attack Iraq and justify the war on intelligence that we retired intelligence officers could readily see as fraudulent and driven by a war agenda. Secretary of State Colin Powell addressed the United Nations on Feb. Iraq had WMD, but the evidence proved bogus. The January 6 Intelligence Community Assessment by hand picked analysts from the FBI, CIA, and NSA seems to fit into the same agenda driven category. It is largely based on an assessment, not supported by any apparent evidence, that a shadowy entity with the moniker Guccifer 2. DNC on behalf of Russian intelligence and gave DNC emails to Wiki. Leaks. The recent forensic findings mentioned above have put a huge dent in that assessment and cast serious doubt on the underpinnings of the extraordinarily successful campaign to blame the Russian government for hacking. The pundits and politicians who have led the charge against Russian meddling in the U. S. election can be expected to try to cast doubt on the forensic findings, if they ever do bubble up into the mainstream media. But the technical limitations of todays Internet are widely understood. We are prepared to answer any substantive challenges on their merits. You may wish to ask CIA Director Mike Pompeo what he knows about this. Our own lengthy intelligence community experience suggests that it is possible that neither former CIA Director John Brennan, nor the cyber warriors who worked for him, have been completely candid with their new director regarding how this all went down. Copied, Not Hacked. As indicated above, the independent forensic work just completed focused on data copied not hacked by a shadowy persona named Guccifer 2. The forensics reflect what seems to have been a desperate effort to blame the Russians for publishing highly embarrassing DNC emails three days before the Democratic convention last July. Since the content of the DNC emails reeked of pro Clinton bias, her campaign saw an overriding need to divert attention from content to provenance as in, who hacked those DNC emails The campaign was enthusiastically supported by compliant mainstream media they are still on a roll. The Russians were the ideal culprit. And, after Wiki. Leaks editor Julian Assange announced on June 1.